{"id":1340,"date":"2024-06-02T17:39:52","date_gmt":"2024-06-02T20:39:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/revistabrasileiradefisica.com\/rbf\/?p=1340"},"modified":"2024-06-02T17:39:52","modified_gmt":"2024-06-02T20:39:52","slug":"introducao-a-inferencia-bayesiana-tecnicas-estatisticas-para-analise-de-dados-de-ions-pesados-relativisticos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/revistabrasileiradefisica.com\/rbf\/2024\/06\/02\/introducao-a-inferencia-bayesiana-tecnicas-estatisticas-para-analise-de-dados-de-ions-pesados-relativisticos\/","title":{"rendered":"Introdu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 infer\u00eancia Bayesiana: t\u00e9cnicas estat\u00edsticas para an\u00e1lise de dados de \u00edons pesados relativ\u00edsticos"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n

Introduction to Bayesian inference: statistical techniques for relativistic heavy ion data analysis<\/em><\/h4>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

DOI<\/strong>: 10.5281\/zenodo.11430830<\/a><\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Liner Santos<\/strong>
ORCID<\/a> | <\/em> Lattes<\/a> | <\/em> E-mail<\/a><\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n

Thiago Domingues<\/strong>
ORCID<\/a> | <\/em> Lattes<\/a> | <\/em> E-mail<\/a><\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Resumo: <\/strong>Sob condi\u00e7\u00f5es extremas de temperatura e press\u00e3o, acredita-se que os quarks e gl\u00faons (part\u00edculas mediadoras da intera\u00e7\u00e3o entre quarks) podem estar \"livres\" em um determinado volume. Esta hipot\u00e9tica fase da mat\u00e9ria \u00e9 chamada plasma de quarks e gl\u00faons, QGP na sigla em ingl\u00eas. Especula-se que tenha existido nos primeiros instantes ap\u00f3s o Big Bang e que exista no interior de estrelas de N\u00eautrons devido \u00e0 enorme densidade de energia nesses locais. Essas condi\u00e7\u00f5es de alt\u00edssimas temperatura e densidade de energia podem ser reproduzidas em laborat\u00f3rio com a colis\u00e3o de \u00edons pesados em regime ultrarrelativ\u00edstico em aceleradores como o RHIC e o LHC. Contudo, devido ao tempo extremamente curto de dura\u00e7\u00e3o da fase QGP ap\u00f3s a colis\u00e3o, n\u00e3o conseguimos observar diretamente o plasma, apenas os chamados observ\u00e1veis finais, como as part\u00edculas geradas por esse conjunto de quarks, gl\u00faons e energia e a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de momento dessas part\u00edculas. Assim, a modelagem matem\u00e1tica \u00e9 uma ferramenta essencial no entendimento do comportamento do sistema, como por exemplo, para termos uma ideia do valor das viscosidades nesta fase.<\/em>
Palavras-chave: <\/strong>H\u00e1drons; QGP; Infer\u00eancia bayesiana<\/em><\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

Abstract: <\/strong>Under extreme conditions of temperature and pressure, it is believed that quarks and gluons (particles that mediate the interaction between quarks) can be \"free\" in a given volume. This hypothetical phase of matter is called plasma of quarks and gluons, QGP for its acronym in English. It is speculated that it existed in the first moments after the Big Bang and that it exists inside Neutron stars due to the enormous energy density in these places. These conditions of very high temperature and energy density can be reproduced in the laboratory with the collision of heavy ions in an ultra-relativistic regime in accelerators such as the RHIC and the LHC. However, due to the extremely short duration of the QGP phase after the collision, we were unable to directly observe the plasma, only the so-called final observables, such as the particles generated by this set of quarks, gluons and energy and the distribution of momentum of these particles. Therefore, mathematical modeling is an essential tool in understanding the behavior of the system, for example, to have an idea of the value of viscosities in this phase.
Keywords:<\/strong> Hadrons; QGP; Bayesian inference<\/p>\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n

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